Sexta-feira, Novembro 03, 2006

Sobre o futuro da Internet

De 30 de outubro a 2 de novembro, realizou-se em Atenas, Grécia, o Internet Governance Forum (IGF), criado por iniciativa das Nações Unidas, com a finalidade de servir de espaço para debates sobre o futuro da Internet. O Fórum aconteceu em sua primeira edição e teve como temas, segurança, diversidade, abertura e acesso. No painel sobre acesso, foram discutidas as implicações que esta facilidade pode apresentar para o desenvolvimento futuro da Internet. A seguir, algumas reflexões sobre o tema acesso, por lá apresentadas.
Somente um bilhão de pessoas, em uma população mundial de 6 bilhões de indivíduos, têm acesso à Internet. A pergunta que corre o mundo: o quê está sendo feito para conectar os cidadãos do mundo?
Na Coréia do Sul mais do que 70% das residências possuem Internet em banda larga. Provavelmente, é uma das maiores taxas de áreas conectadas no planeta, com possíveis exceções da Califórnia e outras partes localizadas dos Estados Unidos.Enquanto isso, na África, onde existe uma população que se aproxima de um bilhão, somente cerca de 3,6% têm aceeso à Internet e somente 0,1% têm Internet de alta velocidade em banda larga.
Freqüentemente as pessoas dizem que a África precisa mais de comida e água do que conexões Internet em banda larga, o que é uma verdade, em parte. Não podemos nos esquecer que a economia global torna-se cada vez mais uma realidade na rede de computadores. Assim, sem acesso, como poderão os países menos aquinhoados com acesso à Internet em banda larga serem capazes de acreditar que poderão oferecer roupa, casa e alimento a seus cidadãos?
Levou-se poucas décadas para atingir a marca de um bilhão de usuários na Internet, mas, agora, fica a pergunta: quanto tempo será necessário para alcançar dois bilhões e onde serão encontrados estes novos usuários para a Internet?
Vale a pena conferir opiniões sobre o tema que estão relatadas nos anais da sessão. Lá Jim Dempsey, do Centro Americano para Democracia e Tecnologia disse a respeito do próximo milhão de usuários da Internet. "Os próximos 500 milhões de usuários virão facilmente, porque eles virão da China. Os outros 500 milhões virão de todo o mundo. Estou particularmente preocupado que a África seja deixada de fora neste crescimento. O problema mais difícil a ser resolvido é, sem dúvida, a África".
Problemas análogos ao da África existem em partes da Ásia, América do Sul e Oriente Médio. Freqüentemente, os problemas são comuns: falta de infraestrutura técnica, monopólios de telecomunicações que não dispõem dos meios financeiros e motivacionais para investir em tecnologia, falta de competição e falta de qualidade nos acessos, quando comparado ao mundo desenvolvido.
Está aberto o debate sobre o tema.

 
 

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